Benchmark dose analysis is a statistical method used in toxicology and risk assessment to determine the dose level at which a specific adverse effect occurs in a population. This analysis involves fitting a dose-response model to experimental data and estimating the dose that corresponds to a specified level of response, often referred to as the benchmark response (BMR). The benchmark dose is a useful alternative to traditional methods such as the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) and the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) because it provides a more precise estimate of the dose-response relationship and allows for improved assessment of risks at low doses. Benchmark dose analysis is commonly used in regulatory decision-making to establish safe exposure levels for chemicals in the environment and in consumer products.